LOAD AWARE AND PRIORITY ADAPTIVE TRAFFIC CONGESTION CONTROL METHOD IN VEHICULAR AD HOC NETWORK

Abstract

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) are a subset of mobile ad hoc networks used to communicate between cars and vehicles and infrastructure. Vehicles act as nodes in a VANET, sending and receiving data without a physical link. Congestion occurs when nodes compete to acquire channels, causing the channels to become saturated. Indeed, when vehicle density rises, the number of channel collisions rises, increasing the likelihood of network congestion. To address this problem, we develop a load aware and priority adaptive traffic congestion control method in vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs). This research focuses on addressing the problem of traffic congestion by proposing a protocol that takes into account the load factor and adapts to changing traffic conditions. The protocol aims to improve the efficiency of the vehicular environment by utilizing the movement of vehicles with roadside units (RSUs) and sharing the traffic load between them. Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocol in reducing congestion and enhancing the overall performance of VANETs. To validate the proposed algorithm, we have implemented and tested the proposed algorithm using a simulation tool called Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle- to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication scenario and computed the performance of the algorithm on different parameters of the network. The simulation result of the proposed load aware and priority adaptive traffic congestion control method in VANET improved the packet delivery ratio, packet lost ration, and end-to-end delay by 96%, 4.1%, and 1102 milliseconds from the previous value of 92%, 5.7%, and 1154 milliseconds respectively for different number of vehicles.