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Background: Despite remarkable progress in the reduction of death in under-five children,
neonatal mortality has shown little or no concomitant reduction globally. It is also one of the
most common causes of neonatal death in Ethiopia. Little is known on predictors of neonatal
sepsis. Risk based screening and commencement of treatment appreciably reduces neonatal death
and illness. Therefore, the main aim of this study was to identify predictors of neonatal sepsis in
public referral hospitals of Northwest Ethiopia.
Methods: Institutional based unmatched case-control study was conducted among a total of 231
neonates in Debre Markos and Felege Hiwot referral hospitals from March 2018- April 2018.
Neonates who fulfill the preseted criteria for sepsis were considered as cases and neonates
diagnosed with other medical reasons except sepsis were controls. For each case, two
consecutive controls were selected by simple random sampling method. Data were collected
using structured pretested questionnaire through a face to face interview with index mothers and
by reviewing neonatal record using checklist. The collected data were entered into Epi data
version 3.1 and exported to STATA/ SE software version 14. Binary and multivariable logistic
regression analyses were employed. Statistical significance was declared at P<0.05.
Result: Multivariable logistic regression analysis showed that, duration of rupture of membrane
≥ 18hours was significantly associated with sepsis (AOR = 10.4, 95%CI = 2.3–46.5). The other
independent predictors of neonatal sepsis were number of maternal antenatal care service ≤3
(AOR = 4.4, 95%CI = 1.7–11.5), meconium stained amniotic fluid (AOR = 3.9, 95%CI = 1.5–
9.8), urinary tract infection during pregnancy (AOR = 10.8, 95% CI = 3.4–33.9), intranatal fever
(AOR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.1–9.5), first minute APGAR score <7 (AOR = 3.2, 95% CI = 1.3–7.7),
resuscitation at birth (AOR = 5.4, 95% CI = 1.9–15.5), nasogastric tube insertion (AOR = 3.7,
95% CI = 1.4–10.2).
Conclusion: Neonatal invasive procedures, ANC follow up during pregnancy, different
conditions during birth like meconium stained amniotic fluid, low APGAR score and
resuscitation at birth were the independent predictors of neonatal sepsis |
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