Abstract:
Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANET) are a subset of mobile ad hoc networks used to communicate
between cars and vehicles and infrastructure. Vehicles act as nodes in a VANET, sending and
receiving data without a physical link. Congestion occurs when nodes compete to acquire channels,
causing the channels to become saturated. Indeed, when vehicle density rises, the number of
channel collisions rises, increasing the likelihood of network congestion. To address this problem,
we develop a load aware and priority adaptive traffic congestion control method in vehicular ad
hoc networks (VANETs). This research focuses on addressing the problem of traffic congestion
by proposing a protocol that takes into account the load factor and adapts to changing traffic
conditions. The protocol aims to improve the efficiency of the vehicular environment by utilizing
the movement of vehicles with roadside units (RSUs) and sharing the traffic load between them.
Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed protocol in reducing congestion
and enhancing the overall performance of VANETs.
To validate the proposed algorithm, we have implemented and tested the proposed algorithm using
a simulation tool called Network Simulator 3 (NS-3) for Vehicle-to-Vehicle (V2V) and Vehicle-
to-Infrastructure (V2I) communication scenario and computed the performance of the algorithm
on different parameters of the network. The simulation result of the proposed load aware and
priority adaptive traffic congestion control method in VANET improved the packet delivery ratio,
packet lost ration, and end-to-end delay by 96%, 4.1%, and 1102 milliseconds from the previous
value of 92%, 5.7%, and 1154 milliseconds respectively for different number of vehicles.
