Statisticshttp://etd.dbu.edu.et:80/handle/123456789/2272024-03-28T21:32:59Z2024-03-28T21:32:59ZDEBRE BERHAN UNIVERSITY SPATIAL VARIATION AND DETERMINANT OF TIME TO FIRST BIRTH IN ETHIOPIA WOMEN AGE 15-49: SPATIAL AND PARAMETRIC FRAILTY MODELSZENEBE, DESTAhttp://etd.dbu.edu.et:80/handle/123456789/13802024-03-04T14:30:52Z2024-02-01T00:00:00ZDEBRE BERHAN UNIVERSITY SPATIAL VARIATION AND DETERMINANT OF TIME TO FIRST BIRTH IN ETHIOPIA WOMEN AGE 15-49: SPATIAL AND PARAMETRIC FRAILTY MODELS
ZENEBE, DESTA
The birth of the first child is the initial visible outcome of the fertility process, symbolizing a
woman's transition into motherhood. Childbirth holds a significant transformative power,
particularly for couples experiencing it for the first time. The main objective of this study is to
find socioeconomic and demographic determinant and spatial variation of early first birth
among reproductive women in Ethiopia and to estimate median age at first birth and spatial
variation of prevalence of first birth and early birth in Ethiopia administrative areas. EDHS-
2019 conducted by Ethiopian Central Statistical Agency (CSA) and other aid organization was
used as a source of data for this study. The study included a total of 8885 women of age 15-49
years during the time of survey. Different survival model were used to explore factors associated
with the age at first birth. Out of 8885 total reproductive age women included in the study, about
65.8% (5,846 women) had experienced their first birth (event), while the remaining 34.2%
(3,039 women) had not undergone their first childbirth (censored). Among all models we have
tested inverse Gaussian shared frailty model was the best model to fit the data as it had smallest
AIC and BIC values. Some of the statistically significant factors affecting age at first birth were
wealth index, education level, the use of contraceptive method and age of household head. Living
in rural area, no formal education, wealth index were identified as predictors of early first
births. Higher prevalence rates for the early age at first birth were found in Benishangul-Gumuz
and Afar. In contrast, a lower prevalence rate was found in Hareri and Addis Ababa. Promoting
education up to at least the primary education especially inrural area and Maximizing access to
and utilization of contraceptives, and it is important to investigate factors associated with
delayed first births among urban residents and those with primary, secondary and higher
education levels
2024-02-01T00:00:00ZFACTORS INFLUENCES NUMBER OF ANTENATAL VISITS IN ETHIOPIA; APLICATION OF COUNT REGRESSION MODELSHEWAYE, NIGUSSIEhttp://etd.dbu.edu.et:80/handle/123456789/13792024-03-04T14:27:44Z2024-02-01T00:00:00ZFACTORS INFLUENCES NUMBER OF ANTENATAL VISITS IN ETHIOPIA; APLICATION OF COUNT REGRESSION MODEL
SHEWAYE, NIGUSSIE
ntenatal care (ANC) is the term for the medical attention that adolescent girls and pregnant women
received from qualified healthcare professionals to guarantee the best possible health outcomes for
the unborn child and the mother. This study aimed to examine the factors that influencing the number of
antenatal care visit in Ethiopia based on data from the 2019 Ethiopia Demographic and Health Survey
(EDHS). A count regression model was employed to analyze the determinants of ANC utilization,
with a focus on socioeconomic, demographic, and health-related factors. The findings reveal several
significant factors influencing ANC utilization, including the region, household wealth index, place of
residence, educational level, mother's age, birth order, and number of living children. The findings
also reveal that, total of 5753 women giving birth before a survey; only 37.06% of women have the least
recommended ANC visits during their last pregnancy time. Optimal ANC must be employed during
pregnancy time in order to reduce pregnancy problems and maternal mortality. Ethiopia has the
lowest rate of at least four ANC visits, despite the WHO recommends eight ANC visits. The extent of
ANC utilization of services was low. Because of the low level of ANC service utilization; there is a
need to raise community knowledge around maternal well-being. More significantly, pregnant
women need to receive demanding health education in order to improve their use of ANC services
and adherence to follow-up care.
2024-02-01T00:00:00ZASSOCIATED FACTORS INFLUENCING VACCINATION OF CHILDREN AGED 12 TO 35 MONTHS IN ETHIOPIA: AN APPLICATION OF MULTILEVEL ORDINAL LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODELGARDEW, BOGALEhttp://etd.dbu.edu.et:80/handle/123456789/13782024-03-04T14:24:58Z2024-02-01T00:00:00ZASSOCIATED FACTORS INFLUENCING VACCINATION OF CHILDREN AGED 12 TO 35 MONTHS IN ETHIOPIA: AN APPLICATION OF MULTILEVEL ORDINAL LOGISTIC REGRESSION MODEL
GARDEW, BOGALE
Associated Factors Influencing Vaccination of Children Aged 12 to 35 Months in Ethiopia:
An Application of Multilevel Ordinal Logistic Regression Model
Gardew Bogale
Debre Berhan University February, 2024
Background; One of the safest and most economical ways to lower childhood morbidity and
death is through vaccination. Even though individual vaccine coverage has increased in
Ethiopia, it is still uncommon to see a child completely vaccinated with all recommended
vaccines. Therefore, the main objective of this study was to identify associated factors
influencing vaccination of children aged 12 to 35 months in Ethiopia.
Method; Vaccination status was examined in a sample of 5,753 children aged 12–35 months
from the 2019 EMDHS data. The study used percentages to show the prevalence of vaccination
coverage among children of aged 12 – 35 month in Ethiopia. Multilevel ordinal logistic
regression modes were constructed, and the best-fitting model was selected to identify variables
that significantly associated with childhood vaccination and assess regional variability of
childhood vaccination in Ethiopia.
Results; The prevalence of childhood vaccination coverage among children was 83.73%
(20.91% completely vaccinated and 62.82% partially vaccinated), while about 16.27% of
children were non-vaccinated. From the multilevel ordinal logistic regression models, it was
found that the random coefficient ordinal logistic model is the best among all the ordinal logistic
models and the result revealed that 64.3% of the community-level variation on childhood
vaccination has been explained by the combined factors at both the individual and community
levels this imply that there exist a clear difference in childhood vaccination incompletion across
regions in Ethiopia. The fitted random coefficient model showed that childhood vaccination was
significantly associated with age, region, residence, religion, number of antenatal care visit,
place of antenatal care visit, wealth index, and place of delivery at 5% level of significance.
Moreover, the effect of these significant variables on childhood vaccination is the same for each
region except place of delivery which was differed between regions.
Conclusion; based on the findings; treatments are better to focus on targeting essential
childhood vaccinations by promoting rural maternal access to health care service that are
included the low economic family, because the finding showed low vaccination coverage in the
rural resident and poor economic level.
2024-02-01T00:00:00ZMULTILEVEL COUNT REGRESSION MODELING ON DETERMINANTS OF FERTILITY AMONG REPRODUCTIVE AGED WOMEN IN ETHIOPIANBIRHAN, MULUGETAhttp://etd.dbu.edu.et:80/handle/123456789/13772024-03-04T14:21:53Z2024-02-01T00:00:00ZMULTILEVEL COUNT REGRESSION MODELING ON DETERMINANTS OF FERTILITY AMONG REPRODUCTIVE AGED WOMEN IN ETHIOPIAN
BIRHAN, MULUGETA
Background: Fertility is one of the elements in population dynamics that has a significant
contribution towards changing population size and structure over time. Following Nigeria,
Ethiopia is the second most populous country in Africa. Determining the factors that
influence fertility is essential to developing new policies to improve maternal and child
health, minimize high rates of population increase fertility in Ethiopia. The main aim of this
study was to explore socio economic and demographic factors of fertility in Ethiopia among
married women in the Reproductive age group using a count model.
Methods: The data was taken from the 2019 EMDHS data, which was gathered
representatively across Ethiopia's two city administrations and all administrative areas. A
multilevel count model was used to investigate the high risk variables associated with high
fertility in Ethiopia with a response variable of the number of living children ever born.
Results: According to the findings of the respondents' descriptive study, women have an
average of 4.36 living children per mother. The dispersion parameter is examined using the
negative binomial regression count model, and the results indicate that it is not significant at
the 5% level of significance. The predictor variables, mother’ place of residence, region
,religion, wealth index, age at first birth, ,current age, contraceptive use, marital status, sex
of household head, age of household head and age at first birth were found significant
determinants at 5% significance level. The initial plot of the expected number of live births
versus the different predictors showed regional variations in fertility in Ethiopia.
Furthermore, the multilevel analysis demonstrated that, at the 5% level of significance, the
variance in the number of living children per mother to be 0.220 with a standard error of
0.1003.
Conclusion: In comparison to the Negative Binomial model, it was discovered that the
Poisson Regression Model is more appropriate to the data. The single level Poisson
regression model's results indicated that Somali regions had the greatest rate of fertility. To
minimize Ethiopia’s high fertility rate, it is critical to encourage women to use contraceptives
and to wait until marriage in order to raise the age at first birth. Regions with high
reproductive capacity should receive extra consideration.
2024-02-01T00:00:00Z